Underreamer.



F. A. HAUGH.

UNDERREAMER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 5, 1914.

Patented June 22, 1915 2 SHEETS-SHEET I- F. A. HAUGH.

UNDERREAMER.

APPLICATION HLED MAR. 5, 1914.

Patented J 11110 22, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

mm Ma i III ||||||1l avwwntoz 'W Hmz gh w m m m FRANK A. HAUGH, OFIINDEPENIDENC'E, KANSAS, ASSIGNOR T ANNA B. BLOOM, or

INDEPENDENCE, KANSAS.

UNDERREAMER.

intense.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Batented an... 2 2, 1915.

Application filed March 5, 19,14. Serial No. 822,719.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK 'IIAUGH, a citizen of the United States, resldlng at Independence, in the county of Montgomery cation.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in under-reamers, and has particular reference to that type of tools which are designed particularly for use in boring oil wells or Artesian wells.

views of which similar referencenumerals The principal object of thi invention is to provide an under-reamer constructed with such regard to number, proportion and arrangement of parts that it may be cheaply manufactured, and will be durable and efficient in its action. a

A further object is to provide an underreamer consisting essentially in a pair of coacting bitmembers which are slidably mounted on thestock of the tool, and are adapted to be normally held in expanded operative relation thereto by means of a spring-pressed head detachably connected to the lower terminal of the stock and dis posed in recesses formed in th adjacent faces of the bits. g

The above and additional objects are accomplished by such means as are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, described in the following specification, and then more particularly pointed out in the claims which are appended hereto and form a part of this application.-

With reference to the drawings, wherein there has been illustrated the preferred embodiment of this invention as it is reduced to practice, and throughout the several designate corresponding parts, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the reamer, showin th;

tractedinoperative position; dis a section on the line. 3--3. of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 s a fragmentary vertical section, showing par ticularlythe catch member which is ems ployed in properly securing the spring betweenthe bits; Fig. 5 is a perspectiveview showing the stock, expandinag head, and bit members of the reamer in s inbled" re-.

lation indicating though the manner in which these elements are adapted to be assembled for cooperation; and Fig. 6 is a de-' tail sectional view of the stock of the reamer taken on the line 66 of Fig. 5.

The preferred embodiment of the invention consists essentially in a pair of cutting blades 10 and 11, which are mounted to embrace and slidably receive a stock 12, detachably secured to the lower terminal of which is an expanding head 13 adapted to engage in recesses 14 formed in the adjacent faces of the bits ,for normally holding the position.

The cutting blades or bits 10 and 11 are substantially identical in construction, and

lower cutting edges 15 in extended operative it is deemed necessary, therefore, to describe only one of them in detail. 'Each of these blades or hit members is formed from an elongated metallic bar, preferably tempered steel, which is substantially semi-circular in cross section and is cored out on its inner face to produce a recess 14 adjacent its lower terminal and a dove-tailed groove 16 adjacent its upper terminal. 2 The recess 14 is adapted to'receive the expanding head 13,

'as has been previously explained, while the groove, 16 is provided for the reception of a longitudinally extending rib which is formed on the stock 12, ,as will be hereinafter fully described. The lower terminal of each bit member is, as stated, provided with the outwardly directed cutting edges 15. While these cutting edges have been shown in the drawings, and in Fig; 5 thereof particularly, as being relatively blunt and concave, it is obvious that the members 15 may be shaped to adapt the reamer for any class of WQIk for which it maybe employed.

formed at its" up er. rminal with "a straight wa a indicat rounded outwardly to merge. into the flat face 18 of the blade, as indicated at 19. The lower terlninal of the recess lief each cut,-

" ting blade or is thus "formed so that'the QWnWard. movem n Of @119 y ii l di hea 13 ieh the r ase w The recess l iis semi-circular in cross sec,- tion for the greater afl; of'its length, being at 17. The lower terminal of the recess l iis, however, curved and sqep rations s1 rm lding of the 1 m;

I terminals of the bits when the reamer has notches 24 and 25 so that the blades or cutting bits may be properly secured in operative assembled relation on the stock 12'. This stock 12 is formed from a solid metallic bar, the upper end of which is shaped to produce a head 28 of conventional design, and the lower end of which is reduced in cross section and is longitudinally champered on its four corners, producing, as in Fig. 6, the oppositely disposed longitudinally extending dove-tailed ribs 29 and 30,

and the shoulders 31 and 32 which extend longitudinally of the stock and are substantially square in cross section. The ribs 29 and 30 are equal in length to .the grooves 16, so that, when the blades are in normal expanded position, their'upper ends will engage against the lower terminal of the member 28, and the lower ends of the ribs 29 and 30 will engage against the horizontal end walls 20 of the grooves 16.

Referring now particularly to Fig. 3, it (will be seen that, when the blades are applied to opposite sides of the stock, the members 29 and 30 are received within the grooves 16 of the blades, and that by reason of the dove-tailed formation of the grooves and ribs the blades may slide upon the stock without liability of lateral displacement.

In order to permit the vertical sliding movement of the members 10 and 11 on the stock 12,'and, at the same time, hold them panding head from the position-shown in Fig. 1,in which the blades are spread, to the position shown in Fig. 2, wherein the expanding head 13 is received within the enlarged portions of the recesses 14, permitting the blades to move in toward each other. The strap members 26 are seated in the recesses 34, and obviously, by engagement with the upper and lower walls thereof, limit the sliding movement of the blades of the stock.- It will be seen that the straps 26 are positioned somewhat below the upper terminals of the bits so that the lugs or projections 35, which are formed as the result of cutting the recesses 34, may be positioned between the upper terminals of the blades and against the strap members 26 when the blades of the tool are in spread relation, as shown best in Fig. l.

The expanding head member 13 is, in the preferred embodiment of the invention, formed from I a substantially cylindrical block of metal, the lower terminal .of which is slightly rounded, as indicated at 36, so that it will ride freely and easily over the walls of the recesses 14. The member 13 is, at its upper end, formed with a bore adapted to receive the terminal of a rod or stem member 36. A pin 36 is inserted through the head for holding the stem against withdrawal. This member 36 is preferably formed integrally with the stock member 12 and extends downwardly from the approximate center thereof. If so desired, however,

,the member 36 may be made separately from the stock 12 and be threaded thereinto. Wound about themember 36 and bearing at its upper terminal against the upper end of the expanding head 13 is a helical spring 37. The upper terminal of this spring 37 bears against a sleeve 38 which is slidable on the member 36 and is equipped at its lower terminal with an outwardly extending collar member 39.

At diametrically opposite points of the collar member 39 are formed spaced apertured ears 40 and 41 adapted to receive between them the terminals of the pivoted pawls or catch members 42 and 43. These pawl members 42 and 43 are so pivoted that their upper terminals normally tend to swing outwardly into the position shown in Fig. 5. These members 42 and 43 are adapted to be received within the recesses 14, and as a means, therefore, for preventing the sleeve member turning onthe stem 36. which would result in the displacement of the pawls from the recesses 14, the sleeve is preferably splined on the member 36, as indicated at 4' It will be seen upon reference to Fig. 2 particularly, that, when the stock 12 is drawn upwardly to lodge the head 13 in the recesses 14, so that the lower terminals of the blades 10 and 11 may be moved inwardly to permit the passage of the tool through the well casing, the pawls 42 and 43 will engage against the end walls 17 of the recesses, thus holding the spring against upwardmovement on the stem or rod member 36, with the resultant compression of the spring. It is obvious then that as soon as the lower terminals of the blades emerge from the lower end of the wall casing that the spring 37 will, by reason of its tendency to expand, force the head member 13 downwardly, separating the cutting members 15 and arranging them in operative relation.

The pawls 42 and 43 are pivoted between of these pawl members. Intermediate their length the cutting blades :10 and 11 are en larged, producing shoulders, indicated at 46. These shoulders are adapted to engage against the well casing when the tool is being Withdrawn so that the bits will be held against upward movement until the continued pull on the stock-has withdrawn the expanding head 13 into the recesses 14, allowing the cutting members 15 to move inwardly into their normal position. In

this connection, it may be well to. observe.

that the blades are made of highly tern ered steel, and are, therefore, comparative y resilient. By reason of their resiliency, the blades normally tend to extend in parallel relation to each other, and to engage against the stock 12 throughout the length thereof. It is only when the head member is rojected downwardly between the lower ends of the blades that the members 15 are widely separated.

The enlargements or shoulders formed at 46 intermediate the length of the cutting blades merge at their lower portions into the blades, as indicated at 47, so that when the tool is inserted in the upper end of the well casing a gradual inclined surface will be presented to the casing for forcing the members 15 inwardly toward each other.

Inasmuch as these shoulders 46 are subject edto unusual Wear during the use of the tool, it has been found expedient to provide wear plates or ribs 48. These wear plates or ribs 48 consist in strips of hard steel, which are removably appliedto the enlarged portions 46, being in'sertible in recesses formed therein. The walls of the recesses within which these members 48 are received are inwardly divergent, and serve 'to hold the wear plates against accidental displacement by engagement with the divergent edges 49 of the plates.

In reduction topractice, it has been found that'the form of this invention, illustrated in the drawings and referred to in the'above description as the preferred embodiment, is

the most efiicient and practical; yet realizing that the conditions concurrent with the adoption of this device will necessarlly vary,

it is desirable to emphasize the fact that various minor changes in details of construction, proportion and arrangement of parts maybe resorted to, when required,

f without sacrificing any of the advantages of this invention,

claims.

What is claimed is 1. An under-reamer including a stock, 00-:

as defined in the appended acting bit members slidable on the stock, and an expanding headremovably attached to the stock in position between the bit members for normally holding the cutting terminals of the bit ative relation.

2. An under-reamer including a stock, coacting bit members slidable on the sides thereof, means limiting the sliding movement of the bit members, an expanding head memberremovably secured to the stock and positioned between the lower'terminals of members in expanded operthe bit members, and yieldable means for mally holding the head member in operative position between the lower terminals of the bit members, whereby the cutting terminals of the bit members are held in expanded operative relation.

4. An underreamer including a stock member having longitudinally extending ribs and recesses at the upper ends of the ribs, a pair of (o-acting bit members slidable on the stock and having recessesreceiving the ribs thereof, straps connecting the bits at their upper terminals, said straps being movable through the recesses formed in the opposite faces of the stock, the terminals of the recesses being engageable by the straps, whereby the sliding movement of the bits is limited, and a spring-pressed head ,,.member adapted to normally hold the lower cutting terminals of the bits in expanded relation.

' 5. An underreamer including a stock member, coacting bits slidable thereon, means for limiting the movement of the bits, an expanding head, a rod extending downwardly from the stock and having its lower terminal threaded to receive the head, a spring wound about therod and bearing at its lower terminal against the head, means carried by the rod and engaging the adjacent faces of the bits, said means acting as a stop forthe upper terminal of the spring, whereby the head member is normally held in position between the lower terminals of the bits for holding the cutting edges thereof in operative expanded relation.

or limiting the bits having a recess formed in its inner face adjacent its lower end, the lower terminals means for limiting the sliding movement of the bits, each of said bits having a recess formed in its inner face adjacent its lower end, thelower terminals of the recesses merging into the inner faces of the hits, a head member arranged for sliding movement in the said recesses, a helical spring hearing at its lower terminal against the head, and ineansengaging the upper terminal of the spring and also engaging in the recesses of the bits for holding the spring against upward movement, said spring normally holding the head between the lower terminals of the bits, whereby the cutting edges of the bits are held in operative expanded relation.

8. An under-reamer including a stock, a pair of co-acting bit members slidable thereon, means for limiting the sliding movement of the bits, each of said bits having an elongated recess formed in its inner face, the lower ends of the recesses merging into the face of the bit adjacent the lower terminal thereof, a rod extending downwardly from the stock, a head member mounted on the lower terminal of the rod and adapted to be received within the recesses of the bits, a helical spring wound about the rod and bearing at its lower terminal against the head member, asleeve slidable on the rod and bearing against the upper terminal of the spring, and a pair of pawl members pivotally attached to the sleeve and adapted to normally seat in the recesses of the bit memhers, whereby the upward movement of the stock between the bits will compress the spring for automatically moving the stock again downwardly between the bits and for moving the head member into expanding position between the lower terminals of the bits when the stock is released.

9. An under-reamer including a stock member, longitudinal ribs formed thereon,

- bits provided on their inner faces with longitudinal channels receiving the ribs whereby the bits are slidable longitudinally on the stock, strap members carried by the bits and connecting the upper terminals thereof, said strap members being engageable with the stock for limiting the sliding movement of the bits, and means normally holding the edges of the bits in operative expanded relation.

10. An under-reamer' including a stock provided on its opposite faces with longitudinally extending ribs and having longitudinally extending recesses formed in its opposite faces, bit members engaging against intermediate portions seated in the recesses of the stock and being engageable with the stock for limiting the sliding movement of the bits, and spring-pressed means normally holding the cutting edges of the bits in operative'extended relation.

11. An under-reamer including a stock, coacting bits slidable thereon, an expanding head carried by the lower terminal of the stock and rigid with respect thereto, a slidable member interposed between the head and stock, and yieldable means normally holding the slidable member in engagement with the bits whereby the head is normally held in position to maintain the cutting edges of the bits in operative expanded relation.

Intestimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

FRANK A. HAUGH. [1,. s.]

Witnesses:

THOS. F. MACDONALD, GEO. E. FARNSWORTH. 

